A breathtaking video recently filmed by NASA astronaut Matthew Dominick provides a unique perspective on Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS as observed from the International Space Station (ISS). This time-lapse footage showcases the comet, officially designated C/2023 A3 Tsuchinshan-ATLAS, appearing to hover above Earth's atmosphere while it continues its journey toward the sun.

In a post shared on X, Dominick, who serves as the commander for the SpaceX Crew-8 mission, noted, "So far Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS looks like a fuzzy star to the naked eye looking out the cupola windows. But with a 200mm, f2 lens at 1/8s exposure you can really start to see it. This comet is going to make for some really cool images as it gets closer to the sun. For now, a time-lapse preview."

The video delightfully reveals how the comet transforms when captured through specialized lenses, allowing observers to appreciate its details as it moves across the sky.

Stunning Astrophotography Aboard the ISS

Matthew Dominick has been making headlines for his remarkable astrophotography efforts during his tenure aboard the ISS. His collection includes stunning visuals of auroras dancing over Earth, meteors bursting in our atmosphere, and mesmerizing star trails set against the backdrop of the spacecraft's structure.

The comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS holds particular intrigue due to its recent discovery. It was simultaneously identified in 2023 by two institutions: the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) and the Tsuchinshan Chinese Observatory, part of the Purple Mountain Observatory within the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

From Asteroid to Comet

Initially misidentified as an asteroid, Comet C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan-ATLAS) has since been confirmed as a small comet, measuring between 0.6 to 1.2 miles (1-2 kilometers) in diameter. Interestingly, this comet travels through our solar system in a retrograde orbit around the sun, moving in the opposite direction compared to most major celestial bodies such as planets and asteroids.

The origins of Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS are believed to trace back to the Oort Cloud. This theorized region, which envelops our solar system, contains icy bodies, including comets that exist beyond Neptune's orbit. The existence of the Oort Cloud helps explain the trajectories of long-period comets that venture into the inner solar system.

Growing Interest in Tsuchinshan-ATLAS

Since its discovery, interest surrounding C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan-ATLAS) has surged. It started as a faint object but quickly brightened over the course of a year, becoming visible to those equipped with at least a 15-inch telescope. As September draws to a close and October begins, astronomers—both amateur and professional—have been posting impressive photos of the comet's flyby, featuring its tail in certain images.

While initial views were limited to the Southern Hemisphere, the comet's trajectory shifted northward starting September 23, allowing observers in the Northern Hemisphere to catch a glimpse in early October.

Despite prior skepticism regarding the comet's visibility, fueled by predictions that C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan-ATLAS) might disintegrate before reaching perihelion—the closest point in its orbit to the sun—recent satellite imagery has confirmed that it remains intact even amidst the sun's glare.

Upcoming Visibility and Brightness

As anticipation builds, the second and third weeks of October may bring extraordinary opportunities for viewers. During this period, there is potential for the comet to become visible to the naked eye. Particularly noteworthy is October 9, when it is expected to pass between Earth and the sun. This alignment could cause dust particles within the comet to scatter light, briefly enhancing its brightness to levels comparable to Jupiter or Venus.

This moment offers a rare chance to witness a celestial event that will not reappear anytime soon—if ever. Current models indicate that the comet's orbit may lead it to escape the solar system entirely.

About the Author

Victoria Corless, a scientist turned writer, earned her Ph.D. in organic synthesis from the University of Toronto. She transitioned from lab work to science writing, eventually taking on editorial roles within Wiley's Advanced Science News. In addition, she contributes to various outlets, including Research2Reality and Chemistry World, sharing her passion for science with broader audiences.

FAQs

What is Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS? Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS, designated C/2023 A3, is a small comet discovered in 2023. It originates from the Oort Cloud and follows a retrograde orbit around the sun.

Why is the comet significant? The comet has gained attention due to its brightening visibility and the unique opportunity it presents for observation, particularly during its upcoming passage.

When will the comet be visible? Desirable viewing times will occur throughout October, particularly from the second to the third week, with an optimal viewing date anticipated on October 9.

What should I use to see Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS? A telescope of at least 15 inches in diameter is recommended for optimal viewing, although it may become detectable to the naked eye later in October.

How often does a comet like this appear? Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS is projected not to return to our solar system for a very long time, making this a once-in-a-lifetime experience for many enthusiasts.